Identifying Racism and Racial Stereotypes in Rainbow Rowell’s Eleanor and Park
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52187/rdt.v3i3.121Keywords:
socio-cognitive approach, text dimension, social cognition dimension, social context dimensionAbstract
The study aims to identify racism and racial stereotype in text structure, social cognition, and social context of Rainbow Rowell’s Eleanor and Park. The study uses qualitative descriptive design and conducts Teun A. van Dijk’s socio-cognitive approach to analyze words, phrases and sentences which contain racism and racial stereotype in Eleanor & Park. The result shows that racism in Eleanor and Park novel are in the form of implicit, explicit, internalized racism, and fetishism of Asian. The racial stereotypes in the novel are the stereotypes of Asian physical features, namely the description of a short body, slanted eyes, weak and helpless appearances, and also the use of the word "doll" to describe Asian women. The cause of racism and racial stereotypes in the novel are triggered by the inequality of access and power, lack of awareness about racial issues faced by Asian communities in western countries, and the development of the term "Model Minority" which makes an illusion that Asian community are privileged.
References
Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorensen, C., & Walker, D. A. (2014). Introduction to Research in Education (Ninth Edition) (9th ed.). Wadsworth: Cengange Learning.
Chang, M. (2006). Made in the USA: Rewriting Images of the Asian Fetish. Undergraduate Humanities Forum 2005-6: Word & Image. 6.
Cheung, C. (2018). The Problem in Eleanor and Park. Retrieved September 25, 2021, from Northeastern University Political Review website: https://www.nupoliticalreview.com/2018/10/31/the-problem-with-eleanor-park/
Creswell, J. W. (1994). Research design: Qualitative & quantitative approaches. London: Sage Publication.
Darma, Y. A. (2009). Analisis Wacana Kritis. Bandung: Yrama Widya.
Eriyanto. (2001). Analisis Wacana Pengantar Analisis Wacana Media. Yogyakarta: LKIS Yogyakarta.
Jung, L. (2020). A Korean-American thoughts on E&P. Retrieved September 25, 2021, from https://lynndjung.wordpress.com/2020/07/15/a-korean-americans-thoughts-on-eleanor-park/
Lee, N. Y. (2011). Negotiating the boundaries of nation, christianity, and gender: The Korean women’s movement against military prostitution. Asian Journal of Women’s Studies, 17(1), 34–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/12259276.2011.11666102
Nguyen-Phuong-Mai, M. (2017). Potencial problems in cross-cultural communications: stereotypes, prejudices, and racism. Intercultural Communication. An Interdisciplinary Approach: When Neurons, Genes, and Evolution Joined the Discourse, 123–162.
Rowell, R. (2012). Eleanor and Park. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Rowell, R. (2013). Why is Park Korean? Retrieved July 6, 2021, from Goodreads website: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4208569.Rainbow_Rowell/blog?page=6
Schaefer, R. T. (2013). Sociology: A Brief Introduction (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
van Dijk, T. A. (1993). Analyzing Racism through Discourse Analysis. Some Methodological Reflections. Race and Ethnicity in Research Methods, 92–134.
van Dijk, T. A. (2015). Critical Discourse Studies : A Sociocognitive Approach. Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis, 62–85.
Weedon, C. (1987). Feminist Practice & Poststructuralist Theory. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
Wilson, W. J. (1999). The Bridge over the Racial Divide: Rising Inequality and Coalition Politics (1st ed.). University of California Press. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1pnrz3
Woan, S. (2008). White Sexual Imperialism: A Theory of Asian Feminist Jurisprudence. Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Justice, 14(2), 275–301.
Zed, M. (2004). Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia
